Boiler



Dec. l5', 1925 1,566,250

F. B. HOWELL BoILER Filed Feb. 4, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I IIIIIID y .liliumi Dec. 15, 1925- F. B. HOWELL BOILER Patented Dec. 15, 1925'.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK B. HOWELL, OF BUFFALO, NEWY YORK, ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN RADIATOR COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

BOILER.

Application filed February 4, 1921. Serial No. 442,369.

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK B. HOWELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bualo, Erie County, inthe State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boilers, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention relates to improvements in heating apparatus, and the same has for its object more particularly to provide a boiler in which a more perfect combustion of the fuel and gases produced Atherefrom will be obtained.

Further, said invention has for its object.

to provide a boiler in which secondary air is admitted through the fuel receptacle and above the combustion chamber in order to preheat the same to a higher degree before the same actually enters the combustion chamber to miX with the combustible gases entering the combustion chamber.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a construction in which the secondary air is received vin a chamber above the combustion chamber, preheated and thence caused to pass downward, and after impinging against a highly heated curved, perforated deflecting plate, finallyto pass through said plate in a large number of small jets and meet the highly heated combustible gases liberated or produced by the burning fuel and cause the sameto be consumed without materially reducing the temperature thereof.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a construction in which the combustible gases and the products of combustion, as they pass into the combustion chamber, will be directedforcibly against a highly heated, deflecting plate forming the top of the combustion chamber and serving also as the bottom of the chamber or compartment in which the secondary a1r is heated to a high temperature before it passes through suitable openings in said deflecting plate to miX with the on-coming combustible gases to render the same inflammable. l

Further, said invention has for its object to provide a construction in which the deflecting and heating plates may be readily inserted intoV or removed from the furnace.

Further, said invention has for its ob- `and embodying my said invention;

Fig. 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3; and.

Fig. 3 is' a central, longitudinal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown my invention in connection with a Ysectional boiler of the cross-draft type in ywhich a number of flue sections are arranged to the rear of the combustion chamber. (It will, of course, be understood that the form of boiler herein shown and described has been selected merely to serve as -a convenient means for illustrating the invention, and that the form or type of boiler may vary.

In said drawings, the boiler shown is of the sectional type yand which may be enlarged transversely as well as longitudinally. The boiler consists essentially of hollow end members each comprising three sections, viz, a large forward section 10, and two smaller rear sections 11, 12, arranged one behind the other, and four intermediate transverse members which form a fuel receptacle 13a, a combustion chamber 13", a secondary air chamber 18, and a series of flues 31 extending from the combustion chamber to the smoke outlet of the furnace. f

The end and the intermediate sections of the boiler are enclosed by a suitabley jacket or casing 14, provided at its top with one or more fuel openings 15, each having a hinged cover 15. The jacket or casing 14C is provided in its front wall, adjacent to its top, with openings 16 having hinged doors 16 and deilecting plates 16a, which are pref- Cil erably perforated and secured upon th`e inner sides thereof. Below said openings 16 may be provided one or more air supply openings 17, having a frame 17 provided with butterfly dampers 17a. The dampers 17a are connected at their inner lower edges by links 18 with an arm 19 secured upon a. shaft 2O extending through the end section of the boiler and provided with an operating lever 21, which isconnected to and actuated by a therniosensitive device 21X, whereby said damper 17a may be actuated in response to pressure or temperature changes within the boiler.

ABelow the frame 17 are arranged large fire openings 22 provided with hinged doors 22 to permit of access to the burning fuel, and below said fire `openings 22 are ash pit openings 23 provided with hinged doors 23.

At the rear of the boiler', adjacent to its base, is a smoke outlet 2a adapted .for connection with a chimney or stack.

rllhe front transverse member of the boiler is composed of a series of hollow sections which are of less height than the sections 10b immediately to the rear thereof, and are connected together. The said sections 10, are provided at their upper and lower ends with nipples 25 whereby the same are secured together and to the end section members 10. The sections 10L have a reduced lower portion 1()c provided upon its opposite s i s' with a plurality of downwardly and inwardly inclined fins 101 forming air passages 10e intermediate the same. At the lower ends, said sections 10a are provided with downwardly and inwardly inclined toes 10f.

The hollow sections 10b extend from the base to the top of the boiler and are provided at their upper ends with inwardlyextending` horizontal projections 26. The sections 10b are provided at their upper and lower ends with nipples 2lia whereby th. same are secured together and to the enf", section members 10. The lower portions of the sections 10b are also reduced in .ridth and provided upon their opposite sides with a plurality ot upwardly and rearwardly-extending fins 27 forming` passages 27 intermediate the same to carry off the products of combustion from the fuel receptacle 13, formed by the connected sections 10". 10b and the end sections 10.

N ear their upper ends, the opposing edges of the contacting flanges are partly cut away to form apertures 32, to provide communication between the upper portion of the fiiel receptacle 132L and the secondary air chamber 13.

To the rear of the sections 10b are disposed t-wo parallel transverse flue members romposed of substantially rectangular sections 28, 29, provided at their upper forward corners and at their lower, downwardly projecting portions 28, 29 with nipples 28, 28", 29a, 29h, whereby said sections are secured together and to their end section members 11, 12, respectively.

rllhe rear edge of the section 28 is provided with laterally-extending peripheral ribs 28C, and said sect-ions 28 and 29 are provided upon their opposite sides with laterallyextending peripheral flanges 28d, 29d, and near their central portions with ribs 30, which extend rearwardly from the front edges of the downwardly projecting portions 28', 29, and thence upwardly about two-thirds the height of said form dues Bl. extending from the combustion chamber 13b to the smoke outlet 24.

The flue sections 29 are provided at vthe bottom of their forward edges with forwardlyextending projections 29f which jointly form a ledge upon which is supported the lower edge of an arched, perforated, deflecting plate 33, whose upper edge extends forwardly and is supported upon lugs Be extending rearwardly from the baclr of the sections 10b.

The operation of the boiler is as follows:

rThe necessary primary air to support the combustion of the fuel is received through the air supply openings 17, and passes through the passages 10e between the front sections 10a. rlhe products of combustion pass through the passages 27', between the rear sections 10b, and into the combustion chamber 13D where the same impinge against the highly heated small jets of secondary air issuing from the apertures in said deflecting plate 33, and thereby cause the products of combustion to be completely consumed.

rlhe secondary air issuing through the apertures in the plate 33 is .received through the air supply openings 17, controlled by the butterfly dampers 17a, when it passes upwardly through the openings 83a provided at the upper ends of the front sections 10H, through and around the detiecting plate 16, across the top of the fuel receptacle 13, into the apertures 32 in the upper portions of the sections 10b, and thence into' the chamber 3C, where the same become highly heated by their Contact with the hot walls of said chamber, and with the arched de- .fleeting plate 'l`he preheated air is finally discharged in numerous small jets or streams into the combustion chamber in a direction opposite to that in which the products of combustion enter the combustion chamber from the fuel receptacle.

The secondary air in passing through the top of the fuel receptacle 13L and into the air chamber 13 serves also to draw with it into said air chamber 130 any gases or distillates produced by the fuel which would otherwise collect in 4 ,1J if, sections, and

lll)

the top of said fuel receptacle and finally escape through the charging opening l into the building.

It will, of course, be understood that the invention is not confined to the specilic form of boiler which is herein shown and described, as the same has been selected merely as a means of illustrating the 'applicants invention.

Having thus described my said invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, fiues, a vertical compartment arranged to the rear of said'fuel receptacle substantially coextensive in height therewith and provided near its top with air intake openings, and a partition arranged in said compartment dividing` the same transversely to form a combustion chamber and an air heating chamber above said combustion chamber; said partition having a plurality of discharge .openings therein for the passage `of heated air into said combustion chamber, substantially as specified.

2. A boiler comprising a vertical fuel receptacle, flue sections arrangedfto the rear of said fuel receptacle and spaced with respect thereto, a perforated plate having one edge supported upon the rear of said fuel receptacle and its opposed edge supported upon the front of said flue sections and serving to divide the spa-Ce intermediate said fuel receptacle and said flue sections'into a combustion chamber 'and a super-posed air heating chamber, and means for admitting airto be heated to said air heating chamber, substantially as specified..

8. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, flue sections arranged to the rear of said fuel receptacle and spaced with respect thereto, a perforated partition between said fuel receptacle and said flue sections dividing the space therebetween transversely to form a combustion chamber and a super posed air heating chamber, and air intake openings between said air heating chamber and said fuel receptacle through which air is received into said air heating chamber from said fuel receptacle, substantially. as specified.

4. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, fines, a vertical compartment arranged between said fuel receptacle and said flues and provided with air intake openings between the same and the upper portion of said fuel receptacle through which air is received into said compartment from said fuel receptacle, and a perforated member dividing said compartment transversely to form a combustion chamber' and an air heating chamber above said combustion chamber, substantially as specified.

5. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, lines, a vertical compartment arranged be- `arranged in said compartment dividing the same transversely to form a combustion chamber and an air heating chamber above said combustion chamber, said partition having a plurality7 of discharge openings therein for the passage of heated air into said combustion chamber, substantially as speciiied. 7. A cross-draft boiler comprising a vertical fuel receptacle having draft openings in its lower portion, flue sections, a vertical compartment arranged intermediate said fuel lreceptacle and said flue sections, a curved partition extending longitudinally across said compartment and serving to divide the same to vform a combustion chamv ber and a secondaryair chamber above said combustion chamber, and means for supporting said curvedpartition; said secondary air chamber having air inlet openings near its top, and said cur-ved partition' having a plurality of outlet openings therein for discharging preheated air into said combustion chamber, substantially as specified, S. A cross-draft boiler comprising a vertical yfuel receptacle having kdraft openings in its lower portion, fiue sections, a vertical compartment arranged intermediate said fuel receptacle andr said flue sections, a curved partition extending longitudinally across said compartment and serving to divide the same to form a combustion chamber and a secondary air chamber above said combustion chamber, means for supporting said curved partition; said secondary air chamber having air inlet openings near its top, and said curved partition having a plurality of outlet openings therein for discharging preheated air into said combustion chamber, and means for controlling the .supply of air to said air chamber, substantially as specified. i

9. A cross-draft boiler comprising a vertical fuel receptacle having'draft openings in its lowerportions, iiue sections, a vertical Y compartment arranged A intermediate said fuel receptacle and said flue sections, a curved apertured partition through said compartment and having its rear, lower edge supported adjacent to the extending e li tl inlet portions of the dues in said ldue seei tions and its forward, upper ed 'e supported by the trontwall of said eompaiv @nent above the drat't openings therein; said euia'ed partition sewing to divide said compartment into a combustion chamber 'and a secondary air Chamber, and means in said air chamber adjacent to its top lor admitting to said air chamber the air to be preheated, substentiall;7 as speciied.

l0. fr boiler comprising a tuel receptacle, nues. a Combustion chamber interposed between 'fuel receptacle and said tlues, i ing chamber having inlet openn t to its top .fmnniunicating with and discharge openings ha se e iinniiieatiiig with said Combustion el eerA an air suppljJppeninp' a damper 'tor sair-L opening, means for controlling said damier, and a defieetor arranged above said. opei'iing, substantially as specified.

i boiler comprising a fuel receptacleT lines, a ion chamber interposed betw xen said fuel receptacle and seid fines, an air heating chamber above said combustion chamber having inlet openings adjacent to its top eomuiiunicating with said fuel reeeptaei and discharge openings in its base eoinrpunicating with said combustion chamber, an air supply opening, a damper for said opening, means for controlling said damper, and a perforated detiector arranged above said opening', substantially as specilied.

l). A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, flues, a con'ibustion chamber interposed between said fuel receptacle and said tlues, an air Chamber above said Combustion chamber having` inlet openings adjacent to its top comunicating with said uel receptacle and discharge openings in its base communicating with said combustion chamber, an air supply opening in front of the boiler, a butterfly damper 'For controlling said opening', a lever for operating said butterfly damper, and a perforated deiieotor arranged above said opening, substantially speciied. Y lil. A boiler comprising a fuel receptacle, a combustion chamber arrain ed to the rear thereof, and means for conducting secondary above and to the rear of said iuel receptacle, heating said secondary air and discharging the same into said combustion chamber in opposition to the direction of the products ot combustion entering said ronilmstion .':hzunberl` substantially as spesilied.

14s. i boillr con'iprising fuel receptacle, a cifn'ibustion chamber to the rear thereo, a smoke outlet and Vdues extending trom said combustion chamber to said smoke outlet, and a secondary air receptacle arranged to the of said fuel receptacle and above said combustion chamber and communicating therewith, perforated partition separating said secondary air reeeptaele jfrom ,said combustion chamber, and means for suppiying to said secondary air receptacle, subwtantially as specified.

A boiler comprising a vertical fuel receptacle, tlue sections arranged to the rear et said fuel receptacle and spaced with respect thereto, a smoke outlet communicating with said fines, a curved perforated plate havin0V its upper edge supported upon the. rear or said fuelreceptacle and its lower edge supported upon the front of said flue sections and serving to divide the space intermediate said fuel receptacle and flue seetions into a Combustion chamber and a superposed air heating chamber, and means for admitting air to be heated to said air heating chamber, substantially as specified.

Signed at the city of Buffalo, Erie County, in the State ot New York, this 13th day of December, one thousand nine hundred and twenty.

FRANK B. HOXVELL. 

